Extensive Cold-Precipitation-Freezing Events in Southern China and Their Circulation Characteristics   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jing-Bei PENG  Cholaw BUEH  Zuo-Wei XIE 《大气科学进展》2021,38(1):81-97

Concurrence of low temperature,precipitation and freezing weather in an extensive area would cause devastating impacts on local economy and society.We call such a combination of concurrent disastrous weather“extensive coldprecipitation-freezing”events(ECPFEs).In this study,the ECPFEs in southern China(15°?35°N,102°?123°E)are objectively defined by using daily surface observational data for the period 1951?2013.An ECPFE in southern China is defined if the low temperature area,precipitation area and freezing area concurrently exceed their respective thresholds for at least three consecutive days.The identified ECPFEs are shown to be reasonable and reliable,compared with those in previous studies.The circulation anomalies in ECPFEs are characterized by a large-scale tilted ridge and trough pairing over mid-and high-latitude Eurasia,and the intensified subtropical westerlies along the southern foot of the Tibetan Plateau and the anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the subtropical western Pacific.Comparative analysis reveals that the stable cold air from the north and the warm and moist air from the south converge,facilitating a favorable environment for the concurrence of extensive low-temperature,precipitation and freezing weather.  相似文献   

Future Changes in Extreme High Temperature over China at 1.5℃-5℃ Global Warming Based on CMIP6 Simulations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guwei ZHANG  Gang ZENG  Xiaoye YANG  Zhihong JIANG 《大气科学进展》2021,38(2):253-267

Extreme high temperature(EHT)events are among the most impact-related consequences related to climate change,especially for China,a nation with a large population that is vulnerable to the climate warming.Based on the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),this study assesses future EHT changes across China at five specific global warming thresholds(1.5℃-5℃).The results indicate that global mean temperature will increase by 1.5℃/2℃ before 2030/2050 relative to pre-industrial levels(1861-1900)under three future scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5),and warming will occur faster under SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5.Under SSP5-8.5,global warming will eventually exceed 5℃ by 2100,while under SSP1-2.6,it will stabilize around 2℃ after 2050.In China,most of the areas where warming exceeds global average levels will be located in Tibet and northern China(Northwest China,North China and Northeast China),covering 50%-70%of the country.Furthermore,about 0.19-0.44 billion people(accounting for 16%-41%of the national population)will experience warming above the global average.Compared to present-day(1995-2014),the warmest day(TXx)will increase most notably in northern China,while the number of warm days(TX90p)and warm spell duration indicator(WSDI)will increase most profoundly in southern China.For example,relative to the present-day,TXx will increase by 1℃-5℃ in northern China,and TX90p(WSDI)will increase by 25-150(10-80)days in southern China at 1.5℃-5℃ global warming.Compared to 2℃-5℃,limiting global warming to 1.5℃ will help avoid about 36%-87%of the EHT increases in China.  相似文献   

秋行夏令:2021年10月初北方致灾性持续暴雨及水汽极端性分析          下载免费PDF全文

车少静  李想  丁婷  高辉 《大气科学学报》2021,44(6):825-834

2021年10月3—6日,我国北方地区经历了历史罕见的持续性极端强降水过程,暴雨中心稳定维持在陕西中部、山西、京津冀、辽宁等地南部和山东北部,给上述地区造成了巨大的经济损失和严重的人员伤亡。基于台站观测降水、NCEP/NCAR和ERA5再分析资料诊断了本次降水过程的极端性。结果表明,本次暴雨过程无论是降水强度、持续时长还是经向水汽输送均表现出典型北方夏季暴雨和大气环流配置特征。上述五省二市区域平均的过程累计雨量强度远远超过秋季其他暴雨个例,即使在夏季也位列第二。本次过程的极端性与强降水中心稳定在上述地区密切相关。上述五省二市区域平均降水连续4日均超过15 mm,这在秋季历史上从未出现过。除过程的极端性强外,9月山西等地降水异常偏多对10月初秋涝也起到了叠加作用。本次秋涝对应的大气环流呈现出典型的北方夏季主雨季环流型,表现为西太平洋副热带高压（副高）偏西偏北,副高西侧的经向水汽输送异常强盛,同时10月4—6日北方地区发生一次强冷空气过程,冷暖气流交汇在上述地区。水汽收支计算表明,本次过程的经向水汽输送强度为秋季历史之最,甚至超过了盛夏时期北方大部分暴雨过程水汽输送强度。上述分析结果表明,即使在仲秋时节亦可产生有利于北方极端持续暴雨的环流形势和水汽输送,并导致秋涝发生。  相似文献   

热带气旋西行造成的远距离降雨特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

姜艳 《高原山地气象研究》2019,39(1):20-25

2018年7月27~28日凉山州地区出现了持续性的强降水天气过程,本文运用水平分辨率为1°×1°的NECP6小时再分析资料、新型监测资料及常规观测资料进行分析。发现此次过程不同于常规的降水过程,环流背景上受副高外围的东南气流和热带气旋形成的东风波倒槽共同作用形成的急流轴影响,为降水地提供充足的水汽和能量补充,从而形势上形成了热带气旋远距离降水,同时副热带高压的稳定维持也阻挡了高原上的低值系统快速东移,使得降水机制长时间停滞,对降水地造成影响。  相似文献   

压力对辉长岩矿物反应和部分熔融影响的实验研究     

沙茜  周永胜 《岩石学报》2018,34(3):851-865

本文在高温高压条件下,开展了辉长岩矿物反应与部分熔融实验,利用偏光显微镜与扫描电镜对实验样品微观结构观察,研究实验中的新生矿物与熔体的分布;通过电子探针分析熔体成分特征。实验结果表明,在低压(300MPa)条件下,静压和塑性变形实验样品中,单斜辉石以固体反应方式生成橄榄石,在高压(1300MPa)塑性实验中所有实验样品都没有发现新生矿物颗粒,这与相图中低压条件下斜长石与橄榄石稳定共存,而高压下斜长石-辉石稳定共存相吻合。高压塑性变形条件下,单斜辉石和黑云母首先发生部分熔融,随着温度增高,斜长石逐渐参与熔融,熔体呈薄膜状分布在矿物颗粒边界,熔体成分依赖于参与熔融的矿物成分,表明出现的熔体为非平衡熔融结果。  相似文献   

四川平武银厂金矿勘探复杂地层钻进技术          下载免费PDF全文

杨福全  龙海涛 《探矿工程》2018,45(6):36-39

四川平武银厂金矿区钻探施工中遇到漏失、缩径、岩心破碎、易孔斜和钻孔事故频发等施工难题,施工难度极大。本文结合地层特点,通过采用绳索取心液动锤、高密度低失水泥浆体系、跟管钻进等工艺技术措施,提高了钻进效率和施工质量,大幅度减少了孔内事故的发生,为顺利完成钻孔施工任务奠定了坚实的基础。  相似文献   

Petrology and PGE Abundances of High‐Cr and High‐Al Podiform Chromitites and Peridotites from the Bulqiza Ultramafic Massif,Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite,Albania     

QIU Tian  YANG Jingsui  MILUSHI Ibrahim  WU Weiwei  MEKSHIQI Nezir  XIONG Fahui  ZHANG Cong  SHEN Tingting 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1063-1081

The Bulqiza ultramafic massif, which is part of the eastern Mirdita ophiolite of northern Albania, is world renowned for its high-Cr chromitite deposits. High-Cr chromitites hosted in the mantle section are the crystallized products of boninitic melts in a supra-subduction zone (SSZ). However, economically important high-Al chromitites are also present in massive dunite of the mantle-crust transition zone (MTZ). Chromian-spinel in the high-Al chromitites and dunites of the MTZ have much lower Cr# values (100Cr/(Cr+Al)) (47.7–55.1 and 46.5–51.7, respectively) than those in the high-Cr chromitites (78.2–80.4), harzburgites (72.6–77.9) and mantle dunites (79.4–84.3). The chemical differences in these two types of chromitites are reflected in the behaviors of their platinum-group elements (PGE). The high-Cr chromitites are rich in IPGE relative to PPGE with 0.10–0.45 PPGE/IPGE ratios, whereas the high-Al chromitites have relatively higher PPGE/IPGE ratios between 1.20 and 7.80. The calculated melts in equilibrium with the high-Cr chromitites are boninitic-like, and those associated with the high-Al chromitites are MORB-like but with hydrous, oxidized and TiO2-poor features. We propose that the coexistence of both types of chromitites in the Bulqiza ultramafic massif may indicates a change in magma composition from MORB-like to boninitic-like in a proto-forearc setting during subduction initiation.  相似文献   

耐高温高压复合保温管研究          下载免费PDF全文

罗光强  周策  刘一民  韩锐 《探矿工程》2018,45(8):15-19

耐高温高压复合保温管主要解决超高温高压环境下钻孔测量问题。为攻克超高温高压环境下真空绝热保温、高压密封等关键技术,研究的耐高温高压复合保温管为“超高温钻孔测量仪”提供一种耐高温承压管,使用环境温度可达270 ℃,压力120 MPa。通过室内测试与现场应用,说明其满足超高温高压要求,可应用于高温地热能钻探工程、干热岩钻探工程、科学钻探工程、深部矿产资源勘探和深部油气资源勘探等工程中,为超高温大深度钻井测量提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

高陡岩石边坡软体护坡技术设计及施工实践          下载免费PDF全文

孙小杰  张辉  杜炤伟 《探矿工程》2018,45(4):78-81

为了消除济南市燕翅山北侧采矿遗留的高陡岩石边坡的地质灾害隐患,恢复自然植被,通过施工砼基座、施工砼格构梁、砌筑软体生态袋和挂网喷播等多种技术方法进行了综合治理,消除了滑坡和崩塌等地质灾害隐患,整个坡面植被覆盖率超过99%,消除了视觉污染,恢复了当地生态环境,该工程成功的设计及施工实践对类似高陡岩石边坡有很好的指导和借鉴作用。  相似文献   

AS350B3型直升机在中高山航空物探测量中的优势     

李健  郭亮  肖刚毅  刘志强  徐明  金久强  王志博  邓茂盛  李冰 《物探与化探》2018,(1):192-198

中高山地区作业的航空地球物理勘探飞行器需要有高原适航性。通过对比空中国王350ER在起降条件、最大升限、最大续航能力及高原机动能力等特点,提出了在中高山地区的低高度、大比例尺的航空地球物理勘探飞行器的选型原则及飞行方法。通过甘肃某测区的实际测量飞行验证了该原则和方法的可行性。分析结果显示,AS350B3型直升机在中高山地区作业时表现出的实际飞行性能满足在该类型区域低高度、大比例尺的航空地球物理勘探的要求。  相似文献